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Yami

Jingdong book

高海拔干旱河谷水土保持生态修复实验研究

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高海拔干旱河谷水土保持生态修复实验研究

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本书填补了高海拔干旱河谷地区大体积侵蚀体方面研究的空白。用本书的治理方法治理后的河谷渣场,大都成为灾后居民安置区和果蔬生产基地,局域气候、景观均明显改善,带动了当地农业和旅游经济发展,次生渣场滑坡、泥石流灾害得到控制。这在中国和世界都是独创的优秀研究成果。

Content Description

本书针对日益恶化的河谷生态和频现的山地次生灾害,讲述了生态修复关键技术和减灾应用,开创了高海拔、干旱河谷(山地环境)水土流失生态修复7种技术方法,通过科学实验确定的配比,微量掺拌包括黏土在内的胶凝材料和草屑代替“客土”,成功改良了当地劣质沙土;并将大型工程防渗、截水等概念创新移植到干旱环境植被生态修复过程,研制了多种材质的树窝“截水碟”、“渣场陡坡防渗漏结构”和“保水膜”,解决了干旱河谷陡坡和大型渣体生态修复的重大技术难题。

Author Description

郑守仁,1940年1月生,安徽颍上人。1963年毕业于华东水利学院河川水工专业。历任长江委施工处副处长、葛洲坝工程设计处副总工程师、处长,隔河岩工程设计代表处处长、长江委副总工程师,现任长江委总工程师兼三峡工程代表局局长,教授级高级工程师。1997年当选为中国工程院院士。他先后负责乌江渡、葛洲坝导截流设计、隔河岩现场全过程设计,1994年起主持三峡工程单项技术设计、招标设计、施工图设计。葛洲坝大江截流工程获国家优秀设计奖,葛洲坝二、三江工程获国家科技进步特等奖,三峡工程大江截流工程设计和隔河岩水利枢纽新型重力拱坝工程获国家优秀工程设计金奖,他均是主要获奖者之一。

Catalogue

1.1研究背景(1)

1.2研究技术路线与关键技术(2)

1.2.1研究的技术路线(2)

1.2.2关键技术(4)

1.3实验过程及效果(5)

1.4应用价值(7)


第2章我国水土流失现状与防治的根本途径(8)

2.1我国水土流失状况及成因(8)

2.1.1水土流失状况(8)

2.1.2水土流失成因(9)

2.1.3过度增长与资源过耗的危害(11)

2.2水土流失的危害及影响(12)

2.2.1直接危害(12)

2.2.2间接危害(13)

2.2.3引发灾害(13)

2.2.4资源利用效益锐减(14)

2.3防治水土流失的作用(15)

2.3.1涵养水源避减旱灾(15)

2.3.2固土控沙供地的作用(22)

2.3.3调节气候改善生态(25)

2.4防治水土流失的对策措施(26)

2.4.1转变观念崇尚自然(26)

2.4.2以人为本科学发展(27)

2.4.3加大创新力度和科技投入(28)

2.4.4加强领导严格管控(29)

2.4.5规范经济活动保护水土资源(31)

2.4.6发挥自然恢复能力(32)

2.4.7扩大承包经营权保障生态投资收益(34)

2.5防治水土流失的根本途径(35)

2.5.1重塑法律权威(36)

2.5.2加快经济转型(36)

2.5.3目标考核一票否决(37)

2.5.4杜绝造假加大违法成本(38)


第3章汶川大地震前实验区自然生态条件(40)

31地震前实验区上段自然环境条件(41)

3.1.1区域地质与地震(41)

3.1.2坝区工程地质条件(41)

3.1.3实验区上段水文条件(45)

3.1.4实验区上段自然生态条件(48)

3.2地震前实验区中段自然生态条件(52)

3.2.1地形地貌(52)

3.2.2地层岩性(53)

3.2.3地质构造(54)

3.2.4新构造运动与地震(55)

3.2.5电站库区地质条件(56)

3.2.6电站坝址地质条件(57)

3.2.7厂址工程地质条件(59)

3.2.8气象气候状况(60)

3.2.9水文情况(62)

3.2.10地震前实验区中段自然生态条件(67)

3.3地震前实验区下段自然生态条件(75)

3.3.1区域地质(75)

3.3.2水库区工程地质条件(76)

3.3.3坝址区基本地质条件(78)

3.3.4厂房区基本地质条件(81)

3.3.5实验区下段水文自然条件(83)

3.3.6实验区下段自然生态条件(88)


第4章汶川大地震造成实验区水土流失情况(92)

4.1汶川大地震的发生及专家论因(92)

4.1.1汶川大地震发生的原因(93)

4.1.2地震触发机制讨论(94)

4.2汶川大地震致山地生态受损情况(107)

4.2.1我国百年大地震回顾(107)

4.2.2龙门山断裂构造带大地震分析(109)

4.2.3地震重灾区和山地生态受损情况(111)

4.3地震及次生灾害造成实验区水土流失情况(122)

4.3.1世纪大地震带给人类的警示(123)

4.3.2地震产生的主要次生灾害及防范(126)

4.3.3实验区国道317公路施工水土流失情况(130)

4.3.4实验区水电站受灾及水土流失情况(134)


第5章灾后实验区山地的生态修复(140)

5.1灾后重建中的城镇生态修复(141)

5.1.1自然生态与城镇生态(141)

5.1.2汶川地震主要城镇生态修复(142)

5.1.3灾后实验区城镇生态修复(145)

5.2灾后实验区水电站区域生态的修复(148)

5.2.1实验区上段电站生态修复(149)

5.2.2实验区中段电站震后生态修复(152)

5.2.3实验区下段电站生态修复(154)

5.3灾后实验区交通道路的生态修复(156)

5.3.1实验区主要道路的总体布置与设计(156)

5.3.2国道317线灾后重建的水土保持生态设计(157)

5.3.3实验区主道路的生态修复(160)

5.4灾后实验区水土流失与景观生态修复(165)

5.4.1山地生态修复的地貌地质环境因素(165)

5.4.2实验区山地生态及景观破坏(169)

5.4.3实验区水土保持植被生态修复(172)

5.4.4实验区景观生态修复(175)


第6章电站弃渣场水土流失防治设计(182)

6.1工程弃渣防治水土流失初步设计(182)

6.1.1实验区上段电站水土流失防治设计(182)

6.1.2实验区中段电站水土流失防治设计(191)

6.1.3实验区下段电站水土流失防治设计(202)

6.2工程弃渣防治水土流失变更设计(214)

6.2.1实验区上段电站弃渣设计变更(214)

6.2.2实验区中段电站弃渣设计变更(235)

6.2.3实验区下段电站弃渣变更设计(252)


第7章国内水土保持生态范例与治理经验(265)

7.1山地水土保持生态范例(265)

7.1.1哈尼族人的分布与生境(266)

7.1.2哈尼梯田及所代表的农耕文明(268)

7.1.3哈尼族人的农耕文化(274)

7.1.4哈尼梯田的生态作用(277)

7.1.5浙江云和梯田的生态作用(285)

7.2高海拔地区防治水土流失方法与实践(288)

7.2.1水土资源匮乏与耕地危机(288)

7.2.2高海拔地区水土流失状况(291)

7.2.3防治水土流失方法与实践(303)

7.3干热河谷防治水土流失方法与实践(332)

7.3.1干热河谷的学术界定与特性(333)

7.3.2金沙江干热河谷水土保持生态研究(335)

7.3.3干热河谷防治水土流失的治理实践(340)

7.4干旱河谷防治水土流失方法与实践(361)

7.4.1国内防治水土流失与生态修复分区研究(361)

7.4.2干旱河谷水土保持生态实验研究(371)

7.4.3干旱河谷水土流失的治理实践(377)

7.5工程植被新技术(381)

7.5.1工程绿化——特殊困难立地生态修复新技术(381)

7.5.2环保型绿色植被混凝土技术实践(385)

7.5.3绿色混凝土生态防护技术在岩质边坡中的实践(387)


第8章实验区电站渣场水土流失治理实践(392)

8.1实验区中段电站渣场水土流失治理实践(392)

8.1.1中段电站水土流失治理条件(392)

8.1.2电站水土流失形式与分布(396)

8.1.3变更调整阶段水土保持工程措施(397)

8.1.4验收阶段主体工程水土流失综合治理(400)

8.1.5验收阶段渣场水土流失综合治理(403)

8.2实验区下段电站渣场水土流失治理实践(413)

8.2.1下段电站水土流失治理条件(413)

8.2.2电站工程水土流失概况(415)

8.2.3电站水土流失形式与分布(416)

8.2.4变更调整阶段已形成水土保持工程措施(418)

8.2.5验收阶段主体工程水土流失综合治理(421)

8.2.6验收阶段渣场水土流失综合治理(425)

8.3实验区上段电站渣场水土流失治理实践(437)

8.3.1上段电站渣料场水土流失治理条件(437)

8.3.2上段电站渣场水土流失治理(449)

8.3.3上段电站渣场水土流失治理(463)


第9章掺拌实验研究与水土流失治理实践(470)

9.1掺拌胶凝材料的实验与治理实践(470)

9.1.1掺拌实验研究治理思路的提出(471)

9.1.2掺拌胶凝材料的实验与实践(472)

9.2掺拌草屑和胶凝材料现场实验与实践(483)

9.2.1掺拌草屑的实验与实践(484)

9.2.2混合掺拌的实验与实践(488)

9.2.3大块度高陡渣体水土保持生态修复机制分析(506)

9.2.4根系固土及减灾机制(520)

9.3水土流失治理的经验比较(528)

9.3.1半干旱地区生态修复技术方法(528)

9.3.2半干旱区生态修复技术与环境分析(533)

9.3.3雨水资源利用与水土保持的成功经验(539)


第10章高陡坡抗冲刷实验与水土流失治理实践(548)

10.1高陡坡面抗冲刷实验(548)

10.1.1高陡坡体安全稳定措施(548)

10.1.2干旱河谷高陡坡面冲刷实验(552)

10.2高陡坡体侵蚀实验比较(562)

10.2.1急陡坡土壤侵蚀试验研究(563)

10.2.2干热河谷坡面表土抗冲蚀性研究(567)

10.2.3EUROSEM模型在三峡库区陡坡侵蚀的模拟研究(574)

10.3高陡坡面水土流失治理的经验比较(581)

10.3.1陡坡地皇竹草水土保持效益研究与实践(582)

10.3.2丘陵沟壑区生态修复与农村聚落耦合发展(586)

10.3.3陡坡耕地利用与保护及农林模式(591)

10.3.4黄土半干旱区坡地土壤水分、养分及生产力空间变异(595)

10.3.5陕南地区陡坡生态桑园水土保持效果(602)

10.3.6长江上游生态修复工程的作用(606)

10.3.7区域水土保持生态修复模式及效果评价(610)

10.3.8南水北调水源区坡面侵蚀及水土保持生态修复(615)


Book Abstract

我国是世界第一山地大国,山区面积占陆域总面积约70%,全国有一半以上的行政市(州)县在山区,90%以上的森林、54%的耕地、50%以上的草地、76%的湖泊集中在山区。由于山地系统和山川地貌,容易受到地球板块运动和大风、干旱、暴雨等气候条件的影响,加上人们对自然资源的掠夺性开发利用(如乱砍滥伐、毁林开荒、顺坡耕作、草地超载过牧)以及修路、开矿、采石、建设水电站过程中的随意挖土、取石、弃渣等人为活动导致的洪水、地震、滑坡、泥石流等灾害(或次生灾害)频发,全国水土流失总量规模巨大、情势非常严重。根据水利部、中国科学院和中国工程院近年编制的《中国水土流失与生态安全综合科学考察报告》,我国水土流失总面积约357万km2,占国土总面积的37.42%;每年流失的土壤总量达50亿t,年均损失耕地6.67万hm2。水土流失,不仅范围广、影响大、危害重,而且日益吞噬着我国的国土资源,并持续直接威胁粮食安全及生态安全,其已成为我国的第一大环境问题。20世纪90年代末,国家加大了水土流失治理力度,尽管对长江流域、黄河流域上游地区实施的生态保护,局域“退耕还林”、“封山育林”和小流域泥沙的综合治理,在一定程度上控制了水土流失规模,局部治理初显成效。但就全国国土生态总体形势分析,水土流失仍呈局部治转、整体恶化,并有越来越严峻的态势。据有关资料。

目前全国现有水土流失严重县达646个,亟待治理的流失区面积约200万km2,每年因水土流失造成的经济损失超过GDP的3.5%。国家实施西部大开发战略以来,尤其是工业化、城市化、新农村建设的快速推进,高速公路、铁路的全国性扩展,生态脆弱区数以千座的水电站建设,以及自然气候的恶变与人为扰动的叠加,更加剧了水土流失引发的生态恶化。在高寒、高海拔、干旱(干热)河谷的西南山区开发建设水电站,很难避免施工造成工程区域水土流失。保护生态环境、控减和防治水土流失,是我们不可推卸的社会责任和法律责任。数十年来,我们对工程区域环境进行保护,控制施工过程水土流失,已建立有一些成功方法、经验。一方面,待开发的水电站越来越深入到生态脆弱地区,环境保护责任越来越重大;另一方面,研究、实践和实施水土保持的技术难度和投入越大,这使得我们必须加大科技创新,研究和实验复杂环境经济、适用的生态修复新方法。经过3年多结合工程现场水土流失治理实践与实验室对比实验,开创了在高海拔、干旱河谷等脆弱环境修复植被生态的多种实用方法,并应用到渣场、料场水土流失治理的实践。

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You will not be able to activate the gift card deals if you choose other payment methods besides gift card. The products will be purchased at their normal prices;

If your account balance is not enough to pay for the products with gift card deals, you can choose to reload your gift card balance by clicking on the Reload button at either shopping cart page or check out page;

Products that have gift card deals can be recognized by a special symbol showing 'GC Deal';

For any additional questions or concerns, please contact our customer service;

Yamibuy reserves the right of final interpretation.

Sold by Yami

Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

Yami is committed to provide our customers with a peace of mind when purchasing from us. Most items shipped from Yamibuy.com can be returned within 30 days of receipt of shipment (For Food, Beverages, Snacks, Dry Goods, Health supplements, Fresh Grocery and Perishables Goods, within 7 days of receipt of shipment due to damages or quality issues; To ensure that every customer receives safe and high-quality products, we do not provide refunds or returns for beauty products once they have been opened or used, except in the case of quality issues; Some products may have different policies or requirements associated with them, please see below for products under special categories, or contact Yami Customer Service for further assistance).
Thank you for your understanding and support.

Learn More

Sold by Yami

Terms and Conditions of Yami E-Gift Card

If you choose “Redeem automatically” as your delivery method, your gift card balance will be reload automatically after your order has been processed successfully;

If you choose “Send to Email”as your delivery method, the card number and CVV will be sent to the email address automatically;

Any user can use the card number and CVV to redeem the gift card, please keep your gift card information safely. If you have any trouble receiving email, please contact Yami customer service;

Yami gift card can be used to purchase both Yami owned or Marketplace products;

Yami gift card will never expire;

Yami gift card balance does not have to be used up at once;

All rights reserved by Yami.

Return Policy

Gift card that has already been consumed is non-refundable.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Yami

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Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book