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Jingdong book

专利经济学:基于创新市场理论的阐释

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专利经济学:基于创新市场理论的阐释

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1.内容较受关注
这本书的视角与国内外现有的同类书最大的不同之处将在于:完全从对市场的影响来解读专利制度的运行。十八大三中全会之后,国内各界都在讲,要发挥“市场的决定性作用”。那么,对专利相关人员来说,首先要弄清楚专利制度是如何影响市场运行的。这本书的问世,将能加深读者对专利制度和市场之间复杂关系的理解。
2.作者层次较高
Content Description

《专利经济学:基于创新市场理论的阐释》提炼出十八个专利与经济的经典议题,运用“创新市场理论”对这些议题进行深入浅出地解读,生动透彻地阐释了市场和专利之间的复杂关系。本书摒弃了国内研究“制度”的流行思路——从一个抽象概念走向另外一个抽象概念。本书的基本思路也适合研究其他法律和规则。在应用方面,本书可以为投资、融资决策、中国科技立法、政府制定科技政策以及企业选择研发策略等提供借鉴。
Author Description

吴欣望,广西师范大学经济管理学院教授、副院长。 武汉大学经济学学士、硕士和博士,北京大学光华管理学院博士后,2008年国家留学基金伦敦大学SOAS金融与管理系访问学者。 广东省知识产权研究与发展中心研究顾问、英国经济史学会(Economic History Society)会员。 主要研究领域:产业经济学、知识产权、创新经济学和经济史等。 2005年出版《专利经济学》(社科文献版,合同到期)。2009年应邀在国家知识产权局主办的“知识产权与核心竞争力论坛”上发表主题演讲,题目为“反周期的知识产权政策对传统宏观经济政策的挑战”。 朱全涛 广西师范大学经济管理学院教授。 中山大学数学学士、北京大学数学硕士(师从著名数学家姜伯驹院士、段海豹教授)、武汉大学经济学博士(师从著名经济学家董辅礽教授、厉以宁教授)。英国科学院人文社科基金(British Academy for Humanity and Social Science)伦敦大学SOAS金融与管理系从事寡头竞争的理论研究。 主要研究领域:博弈论与产业组织理论、宏观经济学、计量经济学和经济史等。 在国际专业经济学期刊International Journal of Industrial Organization和Journal of Economics上发有竞争理论方面的文章。出版有《创新与反特权垄断经济史观》、《创新市场与国家兴衰》、《公共权力与社会变革》等。
Catalogue

第一章增强创新市场竞争性的专利制度…………………………………… 1
1.1解释专利制度经济社会功能的不同理论/ 1
1.2专利制度的诞生增强了创新市场的竞争性/ 5
1.3专利制度的调整如何增强创新市场的竞争性/ 8
第二章可专利性的经济学实质……………………………………………… 14
2.1可专利性———进入专利市场的条件/ 14
2.2可专利性的早期历史/ 16
2.3新颖性标准的经济学实质
———拒绝借助公知技术来垄断市场/ 19
2.4创造性标准的经济学实质
———决定专利数量和质量之间的替代关系/ 23
2.52011 年美国专利法修订相关条款的解读/ 24
第三章界定市场垄断持续期的专利保护期………………………………… 27
3.1对专利保护期的实证考察/ 27
3.2对专利保护期的规范分析/ 31
3.3名义保护期与市场实际垄断期之间的差异/ 41
第四章界定市场竞争中可替代性的专利保护宽度………………………… 45
4.1确定保护宽度的授权环节/ 45
4.2对保护宽度重新解释的司法环节/ 46
4.3专利制度如何界定市场竞争中的可替代性/ 47
4.4确定最优专利保护宽度的基本思路/ 49
4.5累积性发明引发的专利保护宽度问题/ 51
第五章专利权司法的经济学分析…………………………………………… 54
5.1专利司法体制的演变/ 54
5.2专利诉讼为什么会发生/ 58
5.3司法体制对专利诉讼行为的影响/ 60
5.4专利判决如何影响产业结构/ 63
第六章专利交易市场的运行………………………………………………… 68
6.1专利交易市场的演变/ 68
6.2专利交易市场上的参与者/ 78
6.3影响专利交易市场流动性的因素/ 83
第七章界定国际专利市场结构的国际专利制度协调……………………… 87
7.1国际专利市场的演变/ 87
7.2早期的国际专利制度协调/ 89
7.3TRIPs 和TPP 的经济学分析/ 93
7.4专利保护强度与国际专利市场上的盈利方式/ 97
第八章以专利保护强度为中间目标的专利政策体系……………………… 99
8.1专利保护强度的历史演变/ 99
8.2专利保护强度与经济社会特征之间的互动关系/ 103
8.3决定专利保护强度的政策工具选择/ 107
8.4解释开放背景下专利保护强度决定的理论模型/ 110
8.5国际专利保护的博弈/ 113
第九章专利保护强度与宏观经济表现…………………………………… 116
9.1专利市场与GDP 核算/ 116
9.2专利保护强度与经济增长/ 118
9.3专利保护强度与经济周期/ 121
第十章可作为策略性政策工具行使的专利收费………………………… 124
10.1专利收费的经济影响/ 124
10.2授权前收费的历史演变/ 125
10.3专利维持费的历史演变/ 127
10.4专利收费的经济学原理/ 129
10.5专利收费原理在实际政策制定中的应用/ 134
10.6专利维持费在测量专利权价值中的应用/ 137
第十一章政府资助科研成果专利权的经济学分析……………………… 141
11.1政府资助科研成果专利权属的演变/ 141
11.2对拜杜法案的批评/ 142
11.3潜在的改革方案/ 145
第十二章共同提高创新市场竞争性的反垄断政策与专利政策………… 148
12.1专利制度和反垄断制度关系的演变史/ 148
12.2反垄断制度对专利交易市场的规制方式/ 150
12.3将专利制度和反垄断制度统一起来的分析框架/ 154
第十三章职务发明专利权的经济学分析………………………………… 159
13.1职务发明制度的演变史/ 159
13.2借助博弈模型解释中国职务发明制度改革/ 162
参考文献……………………………………………………………………… 168
后记………………………………………………………………………… 175
Book Abstract

《专利经济学:基于创新市场理论的阐释》:
5.1专利司法体制的演变
美国的专利司法体制经历了200多年的演变,才形成今天的格局。美国是联邦制国家,联邦和各州分别有自己的宪法,因而分别有自己的司法体系。在1790年专利法下,州法院提供判决。1790年专利法通过后,原来在各州申请到汽船专利的4个人同时向国会提交了专利申请。由包括杰斐逊在内的3位官员决定是否授权。杰斐逊举办了听证会来决定是否授权,决定分别给这4个人授予4项专利,然后由各州法院来判决该专利是否在该州有效。这其实是将决定权还给了个州。各州的判决结果是,专利权的状态和各州原来的状态是一样的。
在1793年专利法下,司法判决开始从州法院过渡到联邦法院;在1793年专利法下,联邦对专利权注册登记后,由法院以判决方式予以审查。这为陪审团在判决中要求发明有利于公共利益创造了客观条件。1836年之后,所有专利官司才由联邦法院来管理。1836年专利法明确规定专利局进行专利审查,申请人不服专利局审查结果可以上诉再审查。这样,尽管法院在侵权判决中可能会涉及专利权是否无效或者部分无效,但是这种情形较少,法院主要扮演着侵权判决者的角色。
具体说来,美国各州对专利权人的总体态度并不完全相同,有些州支持,也有些州消极。南部某些州在独立前根本就没有实施专利制度。由于历史的惯性,30多年后这些州在对待专利制度上难以有大的改变。例如,在1822年的兰登诉德格鲁特(Langdon vs.DeCroot)案中,法官判决原肯的发明(一种深受欢迎的原棉产品的包装材料)不能给公众提供好处,实质上是为了让南部的棉花种植园主免费享用这一技术发明。惠特尼轧花机专利的有效性长期得不到法院的确认,其专利长期被侵权同样也发生在南部。更何况奴隶没有权利申请专利也让南方很愤怒,让南部州认为专利制度对其不公平。
……
Introduction

我早年写过一本《专利经济学》,在今天看来,尚处于起步阶段的研究。现在,摆在读者面前的这本《专利经济学》在内容和形式上都不同于早期的那一本。这种差异在某种程度上折射出我过去十年的个人经历。
这十年中,我与实务工作部门有了比较多的接触。我先后承担过广东省知识产权局、广东省知识产权研究与发展中心、广西壮族自治区知识产权局等单位委托的课题,还承担过国家知识产权局委托的课题,这些研究经历让我了解了大家目前关注什么问题,这有利于我筛选出有较强现实意义的议题进行写作。
这十年中,我从事过经济理论、经济政策和经济史的研究。除了和本书的合作者一起研究企业竞争行为和经济增长领域的纯理论问题外,我们还试图构建起解释整个人类历史演变的经济理论。理论之一便是创新市场理论。
创新市场是有经济价值的新技术、新构思获得报酬的场所。我曾试图运用创新市场理论来分析当前中国经济体制改革中面临的一些具体问题,并发表过若干篇评论文章。在本书的写作中,也不时借助“创新市场的竞争性”这一概念来判断专利制度的运行效果,即判断一项专利制度调整是好还是坏的简单直观的判断标准是,该调整应有助于增强创新市场的竞争性。这种倾向受到了我们的经济史理论研究经历的影响。
厉以宁老师和何玉春师母曾对我们说:“等你们把历史研究清楚了,再研究其他问题就容易了。”平实的语言中透露着哲理。在今天大学的经济学课堂上,教材和教师对经济世界的描述均过于静态化和碎片化。而真实世界是一个不断演化的、丰富完整的、动态的过程。经济史研究可以克服经济学学生这项认知上的不足。因此,在介绍本书各章议题时,我都专门介绍了相关议题在历史上的来龙去脉。这样,读者会明白一项制度或一种行为在最初诞生时是什么样子,又如何一步步地演变成今天这个形态。这样写,可以开拓读者的视野,加深理解相关问题的深度,也利于把握今后的发展方向。
从2001年跟随辜胜阻教授从事专利经济学研究至今,已经有十余年了。回顾这些年从事专利经济学的研究经历,收获之一是让我在自己研究生涯的起步阶段就直接切入到了经济发展的核心———创新这一议题上。专利权需要在市场交易中实现价值,专利市场就是我后来所关注的创新市场中最典型的一类市场。而创新市场是直接推动经济增长和结构变迁的市场。理解创新市场的演化和发展规律,就是理解经济发展的内在规律。
本书不仅适合给有意从事这一领域研究的科研人员阅读,而且适合课堂教学。我曾在给研究生和高年级本科生开设的选修课上讲解自己对创新和知识产权的理解和主张。这些理解和主张在本书中也得到了部分体现。学生之所以颇感兴趣,原因在于,展现在他们面前的,是一个动态的、不断演化的、更真实的经济世界。而这恰恰是传统的教科书所缺少的。本书为课堂教学提供了丰富的素材和案例。在写作过程中,遇到一些有价值但尚无定论的问题
时,会顺便指出来,以便感兴趣的读者进一步研究。
治学其实是一种社交方式。这些年来,通过读书,我了解了别人;通过写书,别人也了解了我。写作让我逐渐拥有了一批善良好学的友人。感谢在承担国家知识产权局条法司课题期间贺化先生给予的指导。感谢国家知识产权局条法司宋建华、张永华等领导或同仁的指导和建议,感谢毛金生、韩秀成、张志成、姜丹明、雷筱云、邓仪友等诸位领导或同仁以及马秀山老师给予的指导和建议。感谢广东省知识产权局马宪民局长和徐宇发先生的多次指
导。感谢谢红、魏庆华、陈宇萍、阳屹琴等领导或同仁的关心和帮助。感谢广西壮族自治区知识产权局韦志边、李佩鸿、谭钢等领导或同行,感谢桂林市知识产权局李日辉等领导和同行。感谢攻读硕士学位期间先后指导过我的文建东教授和郭熙保教授。还要感谢本书的合作者,他不仅直接承担了本书部分内容的写作,而且长期和我共同探讨这一领域的各类问题,让治学毫不乏味。
感谢知识产权出版社李琳老师、黄清明编辑在选题上提出的中肯建议。感谢黄介山先生、张明非教授这两位北京大学毕业的学长对我的不断鼓励。
本书写作受到了教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目、广西壮族自治区知识产权局专利专项项目“服务于创新型广西建设的知识产权课程体系研究”的资助,深表感谢。
最后需要强调的是,近三年来,创新几乎成为各界人士所主张的解决当前中国经济发展问题的共识。提倡创新者甚众。但是,如果不充分理解各种制度特别是知识产权制度对创新的激励作用,关于促进创新的建议将多数停留在倡议层面,而非实质性地改变公众的行为,让其行为处处有利于创新,而非妨碍创新。愿本书的出版能为当前创新政策的制定提供借鉴。

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Yami gift card can be used to purchase both Yami owned or Marketplace products;

Yami gift card will never expire;

Yami gift card balance does not have to be used up at once;

All rights reserved by Yami.

Return Policy

Gift card that has already been consumed is non-refundable.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Free Shipping over $49
Yami Easy Returns
Yami Ships from United States

Shipping

  • United States

    Standard Shipping is $5.99 (Excluding Alaska & Hawaii). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    Local Express is $5.99 (Available in Parts of CA, NJ, MA & PA). Free on orders of $49 or more.

    2-Day Express (Includes Alaska & Hawaii) starts at $19.99.

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Yami Cross-store Free Shipping over $69
Yami 30-days Return

Yami-China FC

Yami has a consolidation warehouse in China which collects multiple sellers’ packages and combines to one order. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to your door. Cross-store free shipping over $69.

Return Policy

You may return products within 30 days upon receiving the products. Sellers take responsibilities for any wrong shipment or missing items. Packing needs to be unopened for any other than quality issues return. We promise to pack carefully, but because goods are taking long journey to destinations, simple damages to packaging may occur. Any damages not causing internal goods quality problems are not allowed to return. If you open the package and any quality problem is found, please contact customer service within three days after receipt of goods.

Shipping Information

Yami Consolidation Service Shipping Fee $9.99(Free shipping over $69)

Sellers in China will ship their orders within 1-2 business days once the order is placed. Packages are sent to our consolidation warehouse in China and combined there. Our Yami consolidation warehouse will directly ship the packages to you via UPS. The average time for UPS to ship from China to the United States is about 10 working days and it can be traced using the tracking number. Due to the pandemic, the delivery time may be delayed by about 5 days. The package needs to be signed by the guest. If the receipt is not signed, the customer shall bear the risk of loss of the package.

Sold by JD@CHINA

Service Guarantee

Free shipping over 69
Genuine guarantee

Shipping

Yami Consolidated Shipping $9.99(Free shipping over $69)


Seller will ship the orders within 1-2 business days. The logistics time limit is expected to be 7-15 working days. In case of customs clearance, the delivery time will be extended by 3-7 days. The final receipt date is subject to the information of the postal company.

Yami Points information

All items are excluding from any promotion or points events on Yamibuy.com

Return Policy

You may return product within 30 days upon receiving the product. Items returned must be new in it's original packing, including the original invoice for the purchase. Customer return product at their own expense.

Yami

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About the brand

Jingdong book

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About the brand

Jingdong book