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Jingdong book

组织理论：理性、自然与开放系统的视角

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Jingdong book

组织理论：理性、自然与开放系统的视角

Name: 组织理论：理性、自然与开放系统的视角
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3102015831
Price: 45.23 USD
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《组织理论：理性、自然与开放系统的视角》被公认为介绍组织研究领域文献最为详尽和最具权威的著作之一。作者充分运用社会学和管理学的组织研究成果，广泛吸收其他社会科学对组织理论做出的贡献，不仅从研究者的角度，而且从组织管理者以及各种参与者乃至普通大众的视角来阐释组织理论问题，对我国组织研究学者和管理实践人员具有重要的借鉴意义。
全书共分l4章，第1章为导论，引入了三种不同的组织定义和三个组织研究的视角：理性、自然和开放系统观。第2～4章分别以三个视角为主线，梳理了组织研究的历史，包括对各个主要学派及其代表人物的简介和评论。第5章讨论了三个视角的融合与渗透，指出它们曾经以不同的组合方式出现，分别适用于不同层面的分析，提出了整合三种视角的分层模型。第6～1 2章从组织结构、组织内部机制与过程、组织与环境的关系以及组织的绩效等方面，介绍了近20年来组织管理实践的创新和组织研究的成果，进一步深入探讨了组织与组织活动的规律，以及对于组织现象的各种理论解释及其实践意义。第l 31重回历史，对工业革命以来工商企业的发展，特别是l9世纪以来现代法人公司的形成与发展对社会经济的贡献和所带来的问题进行了系统的回顾与分析。最后，在第14章，对未来的实践与研究方向进行展望，提出从一元论到多重范式、从单一文化到多重文化、从共时研究到纵观分析及历史分析、从结构到过程和分析层面、从微观到宏观的转变。

Comments

本书最大的贡献之一是，开创性地提出了从“理性、自然与开放系统”三个视角分析和梳理纷繁的组织研究成果，将各种复杂的甚至相互冲突的观点按照三个基本范畴进行分类，为初涉组织研究领域的学者提供了一个清晰的指导，为已进入这一领域的研究者提供了整体把握这一学科领域历史演变和发展趋势的系统化指南，并引领研究者进行有关组织研究方法论和学科范式等深层次问题的思考。
——高俊山

Catalogue

第1章研究组织，组织起来
组织的重要性
组织研究领域
共性与差异
组织的要素
组织的概念
小结
第2章作为理性系统的组织
基本特征
主要学派
小结与一些初步结论
第3章作为自然系统的组织
基本属性与特殊属性
主要学派
小结与一些初步结论
第4章作为开放系统的组织
系统层次
关注重点与主要观点
主要学派
小结与一些初步结论
第5章融合视角，扩展分析层面
融合的尝试
回眸过去，展望未来
分析层面再细分
生态层面的理论
结论性评论
第6章技术与结构
作为技术适应系统的组织
技术与结构：自然系统的看法
小结
第7章劳动力与结构
组织的社会边界
劳动分工
工人的从属地位
劳动力市场与组织边界
高绩效工作组织
参与者的难题
小结与评论
第8章目标、权力与控制
组织中目标的形成
有组织的混乱、无定形组织与组织学习
控制系统
关于权力的批判理论和后现代观点
小结
第9章组织的二元环境
交易成本与企业的起源
资源依赖与议定环境
小结
第10章环境的组织
新的组织及群落如何产生?为何倒闭?
——生态学视角的解释
组织如何受到更大范围的社会、政治及文化过程的制约?
——制度学派视角的解释
小结
第11章组织内部及其周围的网络
导论：从隐喻到方法再到世界观
网络思维
组织间网络
网络组织
部门与社会网络
小结
第12章战略、结构与绩效：组织战略的社会学
为什么有些产业的企业比其他产业的企业获利更多?
组织绩效
小结
第13章公司形制的兴起与转变
组织形式的变化
组织还是社会的基本结构吗?
小结
第14章组织与组织理论变化的前沿
从一元论到多重范式
从单一文化到多重文化的研究
从共时研究到纵观及历史分析
分析单位与分析层面从微观到宏观的转变
从结构到过程
参考文献
专有名词和专业术语中英文对照表
译后记

Book Abstract

组织的重要性
无处不在
组织可能是现代社会最突出的特征。虽然在中国、希腊和印度的古代文明中就已经有组织的存在，但是直到现代工业化社会，我们才发现有这么多的组织在我们周围，而且几乎所有社会运转功能都离不开它们。从自古以来的军队、行政和税收，到当今的发明与发现（研发机构）、儿童与成人的社会化（学校和大学）、再社会化（精神病医院和监狱）、商品的生产与分销（工业企业、批发商和零售商）、各种服务（洗衣、修鞋、医疗、金融咨询）、人身及财产安全（警察局、保险公司、银行及信托公司）、文化保护（博物馆、画廊、大学、图书馆）、通信（广播电台和电视台、电话公司、邮政局）、娱乐休闲（保龄球馆、游泳馆、国家公园、职业足球队），各种组织无处不在，无所不包。
那么，组织的数量到底有多大呢？即使在像美国这样非常发达的社会，长期以来也没有关于组织数量的精确记录。我们很早就开始关心人口及货币流通状况，但却忽略了对组织的统计。直到20世纪80年代，美国国家统计局才开始发布《标准企业名录》，并按经营体（在同一地运营的经济单位）和公司（在同一所有权属下的一个或多个国内经营体组成的企业）将统计对象分为两大类。2002年，美国国家统计局的报告显示，当年美国有经营体720万个，隶属于570万家公司。这个惊人的数字还不包括公共机构和志愿者组织，估计其数量也在这一水平。根据税务记录，美国大约有200万个免税非营利组织，其中近40万个具有相当的规模，需要在联邦税务局（IRS）登记。这些非营利机构包括慈善机构、基金会、政治组织以及其他非政府组织（NGO）。
20世纪90年代初，一个研究小组对美国的雇佣机构进行了首次全国范围的调查（Kalleberg et al．，l996）。为了开展这项“全国范围的组织研究”，卡莱伯格和他的同事们设计了一种巧妙的采样方法。由于没有组织的普查资料，他们首先采用随机抽样法在美国的成年人中选取样本，询问他们的主要雇主，然后通过电话访问那些被称为雇主的组织，了解它们的主要特征，特别是人力资源方面。通过这种方式，研究小组获得了一个随机的雇佣组织（经营体）样本及其规模分布（Kalle-berg et al．，l996）。研究结果显示，在1991年的这次调查中，61％的被访者受雇于私营机构，27％在公共机构工作，7％服务于非营利组织（1996：47）。
虽然现在组织无处不在，但是其发展相当平缓且不为人们注意。在过去的几个世纪里，它们就这样悄无声息地来到我们身边。公共行政机构在各个领域的渗透和家族企业被法人公司的取代，对社会结构而言称得上“是一场革命”，但是直到最近才引起人们的注意。
……

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